Peer review and publication ethics

Taqriz va nashr etikasi

«Fan va jamiyat / Science and Society / Наука и общество» jurnali (E-ISSN 2992-913X) maqolalarni taqrizdan o‘tkazish va nashr etishda O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy attestatsiya komissiyasining ilmiy nashrlarga qo‘yiladigan ilmiy etiket talablariga amal qiladi. Odob-axloq masalalarida jurnal COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) tashkilotining Core Practices tavsiyalariga tayanadi. Bu havola jurnalning COPE a’zosi ekanini bildirmaydi.

1. Taqriz tartibi

Jurnalga kelib tushgan har bir qo‘lyozma dastlab tahririyat tomonidan ko‘rib chiqiladi: uning jurnal profiliga mosligi, to‘liqligi, o‘ziga xosligi va ilmiy saviyasi, ya’ni ilmiy muammo, tadqiqot usuli, natija va adabiyotlar ro‘yxati baholanadi. Talablarga javob bermagan qo‘lyozma asoslantirilgan javob bilan qaytariladi.

Dastlabki ko‘rikdan o‘tgan qo‘lyozma ikki tomonlama yopiq taqrizga yuboriladi: muallif taqrizchini, taqrizchi esa muallifni bilmaydi. Muallif shaxsini oshkor qiluvchi ma’lumotlarsiz fayl taqdim etadi, tahririyat buni taqrizdan oldin tekshiradi.

Har bir qo‘lyozma tegishli soha bo‘yicha ilmiy darajaga ega va manfaatlar to‘qnashuvi bo‘lmagan kamida ikki taqrizchiga yuboriladi.

Taqrizchi taklifga odatda 2 hafta ichida javob beradi va taqrizni 4 hafta ichida taqdim etadi. Bu muddatlar ish tartibini belgilaydi va maqola qabul qilinishini kafolatlamaydi.

Taqrizchi qo‘lyozmani maxfiy hujjat sifatida ko‘radi, uni uchinchi shaxslarga va tashqi sun’iy intellekt xizmatlariga bermaydi, baholashda xolis va asoslangan bo‘ladi.

Muallif taqrizchilar mulohazalariga bandma-band javob beradi va kiritilgan o‘zgarishlarni ko‘rsatadi. Tahririyat taqrizlar va muallif javobi asosida maqolani qabul qilish, qayta ishlashga qaytarish yoki rad etish to‘g‘risida qaror qabul qiladi.

Muallifga taqriz matni (taqrizchi shaxsini oshkor qiluvchi ma’lumotlarsiz) va tahririyatning asoslantirilgan qarori yuboriladi. Rad etish sabablari yozma ravishda bildiriladi.

Bosh muharrir, tahrir hay’ati a’zosi yoki tahririyat xodimi muallif bo‘lgan qo‘lyozmani manfaatlar to‘qnashuvi bo‘lmagan boshqa muharrir boshqaradi, muallif qaror qabul qilishda ishtirok etmaydi.

Har bir maqolada qo‘lyozma kelib tushgan, qayta ishlangan va nashrga qabul qilingan sanalar ko‘rsatiladi.

Taqrizlar va tahririyat qarorlari elektron shaklda kamida 5 yil saqlanadi.

2. Mualliflik va mualliflarning majburiyatlari

Muallif sifatida faqat tadqiqot g‘oyasi, uslubi, natijalarni olish yoki tahlil qilish va matnni tayyorlashga salmoqli hissa qo‘shgan shaxslar ko‘rsatiladi. Barcha mualliflar yakuniy matnni va uni jurnalga yuborishni ma’qullaydi.

Qo‘lyozmada yozishmalar uchun mas’ul muallif va uning elektron pochtasi ko‘rsatiladi, har bir muallifning hissasi bayon etiladi.

Muallif tadqiqot natijalari haqiqiy ma’lumotlar va to‘g‘ri qo‘llangan usullarga asoslangani uchun javob beradi. Ma’lumotlarni to‘qib chiqarish yoki soxtalashtirish man etiladi.

Bir vaqtning o‘zida boshqa jurnalga yuborilgan yoki avval boshqa nashrda chop etilgan qo‘lyozma qabul qilinmaydi.

3. Plagiat va o‘xshashlikni tekshirish

Boshqa mualliflarning matni, g‘oyasi va natijalaridan havolasiz foydalanish (plagiat), shuningdek muallifning o‘z avvalgi ishlaridan havolasiz takroriy foydalanishi man etiladi.

Har bir qo‘lyozma taqrizdan oldin va yakuniy qabuldan oldin Antiplag.uz yoki Turnitin tizimida tekshiriladi.

Yakuniy matnning umumiy o‘xshashlik ko‘rsatkichi 25 foizdan, bitta manba bo‘yicha esa 5 foizdan oshmasligi kerak. Adabiyotlar ro‘yxati va to‘g‘ri rasmiylashtirilgan iqtiboslarni hisobdan chiqarish filtr sozlamalari bilan qayd etiladi.

Chegaradan oshgan natija avtomatik ravishda plagiat deb topilmaydi: muallifga asoslantirilgan qayta ishlash talabi yuboriladi va matn qayta tekshiriladi. Chegaradan past natija maqola qabul qilinishini kafolatlamaydi. Turli tizimlar natijalari o‘rtachalashtirilmaydi.

Dastlabki va yakuniy tekshiruv natijalari kamida 5 yil saqlanadi.

4. Manfaatlar to‘qnashuvi va moliyalashtirish

Mualliflar, taqrizchilar va muharrirlar xolislikka ta’sir qilishi mumkin bo‘lgan moliyaviy, tashkiliy yoki shaxsiy manfaatlarni oshkor qiladi.

Tadqiqotni moliyalashtirgan manba (grant, loyiha yoki tashkilot) maqolada ko‘rsatiladi.

Manfaatlar to‘qnashuvi bo‘lgan taqrizchi yoki muharrir qo‘lyozmani ko‘rib chiqishdan chetlatiladi.

5. Tadqiqot etikasi, maxfiylik va ma’lumotlar

Inson yoki hayvonlar ishtirokidagi tadqiqotlarda tegishli axloqiy ruxsat va ishtirokchilarning roziligi qayd etiladi. Shaxsga doir ma’lumotlar faqat tegishli shaxsning roziligi bilan va qonunchilik talablariga muvofiq ishlatiladi.

Mualliflar tadqiqot ma’lumotlari qayerda saqlanishi va ulardan foydalanish shartlarini bayon etadi.

Mualliflar va taqrizchilarning shaxsi hamda ko‘rib chiqilayotgan qo‘lyozmalar maxfiy saqlanadi.

6. Sun’iy intellektdan foydalanish

Ma’lumotlarni yaratish, tahlil qilish yoki matn tayyorlashda sun’iy intellekt vositalaridan salmoqli foydalanilgan bo‘lsa, bu holat va uning maqsadi tadqiqot usullari yoki materiallar bo‘limida ko‘rsatiladi.

Sun’iy intellekt muallif sifatida ko‘rsatilmaydi. Matn, manbalar va natijalarning to‘g‘riligi uchun mualliflar javobgar.

Taqrizchilar va muharrirlar qo‘lyozmani tashqi sun’iy intellekt xizmatlariga yuklamaydi.

7. Shikoyatlar va appelyatsiya

Jurnal, uning xodimlari, tahririyati yoki nashriyoti ustidan shikoyat, shuningdek tahririyat qaroriga asoslantirilgan e’tiroz «Aloqa» sahifasidagi elektron pochta orqali maqola raqami va dalillar bilan yuboriladi.

Shikoyat bo‘yicha qarorni manfaatlar to‘qnashuvi bo‘lmagan shaxslar qabul qiladi, tegishli tomonlarga o‘z fikrini bildirish imkoniyati beriladi.

Nashrdan oldin yoki keyin aniqlangan ilmiy noto‘g‘ri xatti-harakat (plagiat, ma’lumotlarni soxtalashtirish, mualliflik bo‘yicha nizolar) haqidagi xabarlar, shu jumladan xabar beruvchilarning murojaatlari jiddiy ko‘rib chiqiladi va COPE tavsiyalari asosida hal etiladi.

8. Tuzatishlar va maqolani qaytarib olish

Nashr etilgan maqolada jiddiy xato aniqlansa, maqola sahifasiga bog‘langan tuzatish (correction) e’lon qilinadi.

Natijalar ishonchsiz deb topilsa yoki etika jiddiy buzilgani aniqlansa, maqola asoslantirilgan bildirishnoma bilan qaytarib olinadi (retraction). Tekshiruv davom etayotgan holatlarda xavotir to‘g‘risida bildirishnoma (expression of concern) e’lon qilinishi mumkin.

Qaytarib olingan maqola arxivdan o‘chirilmaydi, u «Qaytarib olingan» belgisi bilan qoladi. Nashr ma’lumotlari bildirishnomasiz o‘zgartirilmaydi.

Ilmiy mazmunga ta’sir qilmaydigan texnik o‘zgarishlar (sahifa raqamlari, kolontitul, son raqami) haqida qisqa izoh tegishli maqola sahifasida beriladi.

9. Ilmiy metrikalar

Jurnal impakt-faktor va boshqa ilmiy metrikalar to‘g‘risida faqat ishonchli va tekshirilishi mumkin bo‘lgan ma’lumotlarni e’lon qiladi.

Jurnal soxta yoki shubhali metrika beruvchi xizmatlar (jumladan, Global Impact Factor, Scientific Journal Impact Factor, General Impact Factor, Universal Impact Factor, InfoBase Index, Advanced Science Index va shu kabilar) bilan hamkorlik qilmaydi va ularning ko‘rsatkichlarini saytda, muqovada va maqola fayllarida ko‘rsatmaydi.

Jurnal Crossref, DOAJ, Google Scholar, Scopus va Web of Science kabi tan olingan tizimlarga kiritilishga intiladi.

10. Mualliflik huquqi va litsenziya

Maqolalar ochiq kirishda e’lon qilinadi. Amaldagi litsenziya va mualliflik huquqi shartlari tegishli maqola sahifasida ko‘rsatiladi.

Tahririyat qo‘lyozmalar va taqrizlarning asl nusxalarini elektron arxivda saqlaydi.

Peer Review and Publication Ethics

The journal «Fan va jamiyat / Science and Society / Наука и общество» (E-ISSN 2992-913X) follows the scientific etiquette requirements for scholarly publications set by the Higher Attestation Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In matters of publication ethics, the journal is guided by the COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) Core Practices. This reference does not imply that the journal is a member of COPE.

1. Peer review

Every submission is first screened by the editorial office for fit with the journal's scope, completeness, originality and scholarly quality, that is, the presence of a research problem, method, results and an adequate reference list. Manuscripts that do not meet these criteria are returned with a reasoned decision.

Manuscripts that pass screening undergo double-blind peer review: neither the authors nor the reviewers know each other's identity. Authors submit an anonymised file, which the editorial office checks before review.

Each manuscript is sent to at least two reviewers who hold an academic degree in the relevant field and have no conflict of interest.

Reviewers normally respond to an invitation within 2 weeks and submit their report within 4 weeks. These are workflow targets and do not guarantee acceptance.

Reviewers treat manuscripts as confidential, do not share them with third parties or upload them to external AI services, and give objective, reasoned assessments.

Authors respond to reviewers point by point and identify their revisions. The editor decides to accept, return for revision or reject on the basis of the reviews and the authors' response.

Authors receive the reviewers' reports (with identifying information removed) and a reasoned editorial decision. Reasons for rejection are given in writing.

A manuscript authored by the editor-in-chief, an editorial board member or editorial staff is handled by another editor without a conflict of interest; the author takes no part in the decision.

Each article shows the dates of receipt, revision and acceptance.

Review reports and editorial decisions are kept electronically for at least 5 years.

2. Authorship and author responsibilities

Only persons who made a substantial contribution to the conception, methods, data acquisition or analysis, and writing are listed as authors. All authors approve the final text and its submission.

The manuscript names a corresponding author with an e-mail address and describes each author's contribution.

Authors are responsible for basing their results on genuine data and correctly applied methods. Fabrication or falsification of data is prohibited.

Manuscripts submitted simultaneously to another journal or previously published elsewhere are not accepted.

3. Plagiarism and similarity screening

Use of other authors' text, ideas or results without attribution (plagiarism), as well as unattributed reuse of an author's own previous work, is prohibited.

Every manuscript is checked with Antiplag.uz or Turnitin before review and again before final acceptance.

The overall similarity score of the final text must not exceed 25%, and the score for any single source must not exceed 5%. Exclusion of the reference list and properly marked quotations is recorded with the filter settings.

A score above the limit is not automatically treated as plagiarism: the author receives a reasoned request for revision and the text is rechecked. A score below the limit does not guarantee acceptance. Scores from different systems are not averaged.

Initial and final screening reports are kept for at least 5 years.

4. Conflicts of interest and funding

Authors, reviewers and editors disclose any financial, institutional or personal interests that could affect objectivity.

Sources of funding (grants, projects or organisations) are stated in the article.

Reviewers or editors with a conflict of interest are excluded from handling the manuscript.

5. Research ethics, confidentiality and data

Research involving humans or animals states the relevant ethics approval and participants' consent. Personal data are used only with the consent of the persons concerned and in accordance with the law.

Authors state where research data are held and the conditions for their use.

The identities of authors and reviewers and the manuscripts under review are kept confidential.

6. Use of artificial intelligence

Substantive use of AI tools for generating or analysing data or preparing the text, and its purpose, is disclosed in the methods or materials section.

AI cannot be listed as an author. Authors remain responsible for the accuracy of the text, sources and results.

Reviewers and editors do not upload manuscripts to external AI services.

7. Complaints and appeals

Complaints about the journal, its staff, editorial office or publisher, and reasoned appeals against editorial decisions, are sent to the e-mail address on the Contact page with the article identifier and supporting evidence.

Decisions on complaints are made by persons without a conflict of interest, and the parties concerned are given the opportunity to respond.

Reports of research misconduct (plagiarism, data falsification, authorship disputes) raised before or after publication, including reports from whistleblowers, are taken seriously and handled in line with COPE guidance.

8. Corrections and retractions

When a significant error is found in a published article, a correction linked to the article page is published.

When findings are shown to be unreliable or serious misconduct is established, the article is retracted with a reasoned notice. While an investigation is ongoing, an expression of concern may be published.

Retracted articles are not removed from the archive; they remain available and are marked as retracted. The publication record is not changed without notice.

Technical changes that do not affect scholarly content (page numbers, running headers, issue number) are noted briefly on the relevant article page.

9. Scientific metrics

The journal publishes only accurate and verifiable information about impact factors and other metrics.

The journal does not cooperate with services that issue false or questionable metrics (including Global Impact Factor, Scientific Journal Impact Factor, General Impact Factor, Universal Impact Factor, InfoBase Index, Advanced Science Index and similar) and does not display their indicators on its website, cover or article files.

The journal seeks inclusion in recognised systems such as Crossref, DOAJ, Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science.

10. Copyright and licensing

Articles are published in open access. The applicable licence and copyright terms are stated on the relevant article page.

The editorial office keeps the original manuscripts and review reports in its electronic archive.

Jurnal nomi va PDF kolontitullari tuzatishi / Journal-name and PDF-header correction — 8 November 2026

Ruscha «Наука и общество» nomida lotin yozuvidagi «o» bilan aralashgan harflar tegishli kirill harflariga tuzatildi. Jurnal nomi va mazmuni qayta nomlanmadi. Mavjud 334 ta maqola PDFining 3318 betida «ILMIY-TAHLILIY JURNAL» kolontituli «ILMIY JURNAL»ga moslashtirildi va yuqori kolontituldagi ortiqcha «Y» belgisi olib tashlandi. Ilmiy matn, adabiyotlar, mualliflar, sahifa raqamlari, nashr sanalari va litsenziya saqlandi. Asl nusxalar yopiq tahririyat arxivida saqlanadi.

Latin look-alike characters in the Russian journal name were replaced with Cyrillic characters. In 334 available article PDFs (3318 pages), the descriptor was changed to ILMIY JURNAL and the stray header Y was removed. Scholarly content, references, authors, pagination, publication dates and licensing remain unchanged. Original files are retained privately.

2026-yil 9-son sahifalashi tuzatishi / Issue 9 (2026) pagination correction — 8 November 2026

978-maqolaning PDFi 17 bet bo‘lgani holda metama’lumotda 1–16 deb ko‘rsatilgani, 47–60 va 47–54 oraliqlari takrorlangani hamda 61–69 oralig‘i ajratilmagani sababli 17 maqolali son sahifalari haqiqiy PDF hajmlariga muvofiq 1–210 oralig‘ida uzluksiz tartibga keltirildi. O‘zgargan oraliqlar:

• 978: 1-16 → 1-17
• 980: 17-29 → 18-30
• 981: 30-36 → 31-37
• 982: 37-44 → 38-45
• 983: 45-46 → 46-47
• 989: 47-60 → 48-61
• 992: 47-54 → 62-69

6 ta PDFning 52 betida sahifa raqamlari o‘zgartirildi; 989-maqolaning 14 betidagi noto‘g‘ri 7-son belgisi ham rasmiy 9-songa moslashtirildi; 978-maqolaning mavjud 1–17 raqamlari saqlandi va metama’lumoti tuzatildi. Mualliflar, ilmiy matn, adabiyotlar, jismoniy bet sonlari, nashr sanalari va litsenziya saqlandi. O‘zbekcha/asl va inglizcha mundarijalar hamda iqtibos metama’lumotlari moslashtirildi. Asl nusxalar yopiq arxivda saqlanadi.

The 17 articles in issue 9 (2026) now form a continuous page sequence of 1–210, based on their actual PDF lengths. Article 978 has 17 pages; its metadata incorrectly stated 1–16. Overlapping ranges and the unallocated gap were corrected as listed above. Printed page numbers changed in six PDFs (52 pages); the incorrect issue-7 header in all 14 pages of article 989 was also corrected to issue 9; scholarly content, authors, references, physical page counts, publication dates and licensing remain unchanged. Both contents lists and citation page metadata were updated. Originals are retained privately.